Obesity And School Lunch Program - 997 Words

Childhood obesity is one of the nation’s public health main challenge: About one third of children and adolescents (ages 6 to 19) are determined as overweight or obese, and more than one in six that group are determined to be obese in United States. As most people do not understand the difference between overweight and obesity, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases identifies this disparity—overweight refers to an excess amount of body weight that may come from muscles, bone, fat, and water while obesity refers to an excess amount of body fat. A 2010 study of 1003 southeastern Michigan sixth-grade students astonishingly revealed that those who ate school lunches had more 29 percent probability to be obese than those who ate their own home-made lunches. From that research, we can foresee the relation between obesity and school lunch program(approaches) as school lunch program usually offers low-nutritious food for its cheaper price. Therefo re, in my paper, I would like to argue about the current American school lunch approaches which indirectly cause the childhood obesity should be re-evaluated through the comparison of school lunch systems between US and Japan, which has one of the lowest obesity rate in the world. Firstly, we should understand the initiation of school lunch programs in Japan and US and further analyze the approaches taken by each of them. Japan school lunch approaches works effectively and efficiently that stand onShow MoreRelatedPreventing Childhood Obesity And The National School Lunch Program865 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the SNDA, only 35% of schools meet with the SMI recommended calories. However, the NSLP instead of recognizing that schools are not meeting with the recommended intake because of its overconsumption of commodities, they blame the students and the schools for the lack of healthful practices. For example, Allen and Guttmann (2002) in Neoliberalization from the ground up states how the introduction of the wellness policy under the NSLP recognizes that schools are faulty for nutritional goalsRead MoreThe recent changes in the school lunch and program Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesthe breakfast and lunch programs in the schools have significant impact on the nutritional status of children and in fighting obesity which is a national problem. State and federal governments have issued laws and regulations to minimize the problem. This paper summarizes the major issues and concerns on economic situation and health. It also presents the process and benefits of the program. Economic Situation One of the issues related with the recent change in school lunch and breakfast is theRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On The Body Height Of Children And Adolescents Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pageschildren and adolescents leading to an obesity epidemic. According to Up-to-Date, body mass index (BMI) is defined as the standard measure of obesity in individuals. It is the body height in kilograms divided by the body height in meters squared (Skeleton, 2016). Child obesity is based on a standardized growth scale and is defined as a body mass index (BMI) that surpasses the 95th percentile of a fixed distribution for a child’s age and gender. For elementary school age students, the cutoff is aroundRead MoreShould School Lunches Be Banned?1565 Words   |  7 PagesA child spends the majority of their childhood in a school. In schools, students acquire the academic knowledge and life skills that they need to carry out a successful life—ranging from learning basic math to how to tie their shoes. Another big part of school is the lunch hour. Lunch is a period in which students can get a break from classes, socialize, and refuel their minds to tackle the rest of the day. But school lunches have been known for being unhealthy and bad for students to consumeRead MoreThe School Lunch Program Is Essential For The Health And Wellbeing Of The Nation s Children1585 Words   |  7 PagesIn the school lunch policy market and non-market failure apply. I have chosen the school lunch system because it stems into the obesity epidemic. Obesity is a huge part of our society, and the school lunch system plays a part in it. The purpose of the national school lunch program is to safeguard the health and wellbeing of the nation’s children. The school lunch program was declared in 1946 by congress in the national school lunch act. The school lunch program makes it possible for schools to serveRead MorePreventing Obesity among School Children through Healthier School Meals1323 Words   |  5 PagesPreventing Obesity Among School Children through Healthier School Meals Obesity and overweight are among the pressing health problems among children and adolescents in the developed world. Obesity refers to an excess amount of body fat whereas overweight can be measured by the BMI index or height-weight ratio. According to the WHO (2012), obesity and overweight are the fifth largest risk for global deaths. Introduction Obesity and overweight among children and adolescents has increasedRead MoreThe Child Obesity Epidemic in America1089 Words   |  4 PagesChildhood obesity is a major cause for concern within the United States. This is mainly due to children not getting the require nutrition that they need. Although study show that there is a decrease in obesity in children, it still remains at an all-time high. Children are failing to eat as healthy as they should, and it has become an even bigger problem now that they aren’t getting the require amount of food in their diets. The USDA made a decision a couple of years ago to reduce the amount of foodRead MoreThe Responsibility For Childhood Nutrition1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdecide their diet; however several programs were implemented to face one of the most important consequences of malnutrition, childhood obesity. Obesity and overweight are caused by energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. Children are eating more and more energy-dense food that is high in fat, and also children are reducing their activities and become more sedentary (WHO, 2015). According to the World Health Organization, worldwide obesity has doubled since 1980. In 2013,Read MoreChildhood Obesity : A Serious Problem1221 Words   |  5 PagesObesity is not only found amongst children, it is also found in pre-teen to teenage years as well. Childhood years are the most important period of a kids life, were they learn behavior and mold into the adult they will become. Starting bad eating habits early in the childhood years sets them up for more complications later in their lives. One out of three children in the U.S are obese, which most of them will end up facing a greater risk of having medical, social, emotional problems some even endRead MoreGovernment, Schools, and Companies Must Fight Childhood Obesity856 Words   |  4 Pages Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic in America. Many children in America, get two out of the three meals at school. As stated in the article, School Meals Need to Get Healthier: Report published in Healthday, â€Å"About 30.6 million school children participated in the school lunch program in 2007, and 10.1 million children had school breakfasts. In 2007, schools in the program served about 5.1 billion lunches and 1.7 billion breakfasts† (Healthday). This staggering number directly relates to the

The Evolution of the Mba Free Essays

Reading List for Technology and Innovation Strategy: 463 – Management and Strategy, Kellogg School of Management Professor Shane Greenstein Students will be held accountable for all required readings. These must be read ahead of class discussion. Related readings are relevant background. We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution of the Mba or any similar topic only for you Order Now These are included for the interested student. I highly recommend them for a fuller perspective on the topic. Topic 1: Basic Frameworks and Toolkits Topic 1a. Adoption and Evolution Required reading: Geoffrey Moore. Chapters 1 and 2, High Tech Marketing Illusion, High Tech marketing Enlightenment, Crossing the Chasm, Harper Business, 2006. Not in reading packet. Please purchase book. ) Rosenberg, Nathan, â€Å"Innovation’s Uncertain Terrain. † McKinsey Quarterly, pp. 170-185, Issue 3, 1995. In class video: Interview with Dan Bricklin, founder of Visicalc, from Triumph of the Nerds, An Irreverent History of the PC Industry, By Bob Cringely. Ambrose Video, RM Associates. 1996 Related reading: Geoffrey Moore, To Succeed in the Long Term, Focus on the Middle Term, Harvard Business Review, July 2007. Wolter Lemstra, Vic Hayes and John Groenewegen, â€Å"Crossing the Chasm: the Apple AirPort. † Chapter 4 of The Innovation Journey of Wi-Fi: The Road o Global Success, C ambridge Press. Greenstein, â€Å"Virulent Word of Mouse. † And â€Å"An Earful about Zvi’s Email. † http://www. kellogg. northwestern. edu/faculty/greenstein/images/columns-older. html â€Å"Early Adopter, Enthusiast or Pioneer? A User’s guide to Technology Lingo. † http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ 1b: Capturing value in value chains: the basics. Greg Linden, Kenneth L. Kraemer, and Jason Dedrick, â€Å"Who Captures Value from innovation in global value chains? A Study of the iPod and Notebook PC. Industrial and Corporate Change, June, 2009. Greg Linden, Kenneth L. Kraemer, and Jason Dedrick, The Distribution of Value in the Mobile Phone Supply Chain Related reading Francesco Zirpoli and Markus C. Becker, â€Å"What Happens When you Outsource too Much? † SMR 374, Winter 2011. Topic 1c: Attackers’ advantage during diffusion Required reading: â€Å"The Crisis at Encyclopeadia Britannica,† Kellogg Teaching Case, Revised version, August, 2009. Joseph Bower and Clayton Christensen, â€Å"Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave† in (Ed) John Seely Brown, Seeing Differently: Insights on Innovation, Harvard Business Review Book, 1997 See class page on Blackboard, under the Assignment folder. Related reading: John Hagel III, John Seeley Brown, Lang Davison, â€Å"Shaping Strategy in a World of Constant Disruption,† Harvard Business Review, October 2008. Greenstein, â€Å"Creative Destruction and Deconstruction. † http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/, October, 2004. Topic 1d: Installed Base and Standards Required Reading: Carl Shapiro and Hal Varian, Information Rules, Chapters 5, 6, 7 8. Recognizing Lock-in, Managing Lock-in, Networks and Positive Feedback, Cooperation and Compatibility, Harvard Business School Press, 1998. Not in case packet. Please purchase book. ) In class video: Interview with the founders of McAfee Associates, from Nerds 2. 0. 1, A Brief History of the Internet, Bob Cringely, PBS Home Video, 1998. Related Reading: â€Å"Bleeding Edge Mass Market Standards,† and â€Å"Bird Watching for Nerds: Splintering the Internet,† and â€Å"The Grocery Scanner and Bar Code Economy,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 1e: Attackers Advantage versus Installed Base: Microsoft and Netscape Required Reading: Browser Wars, 1994-98, HBS Case 9-798-094 In class video: Interview with Andreeson, Clark, Gates, Ballmer, Metcalfe, from Nerds 2. 0. 1, A Brief History of the Internet, Bob Cringely, PBS Home Video, 1998. Related Reading: Timothy Bresnahan and Pai-Ling Yin, â€Å"Standard Setting in Markets: The Browser Wars,† in Greenstein and Stango, Standards and Public Policy, Cambridge University Press, pp. 18-59. See class page on Blackboard, under the Assignment folder. Greenstein, â€Å"The Long Arc Behind Bill Gates’ Wealth, Part I and Part II,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 2: Systems and Platforms Topic 2a. Classic frameworks and new approaches Required reading: Andrei Hagiu, Note on Multi-sided Platforms: Economic Foundations and Strategy, HBS Case, 9-709-484 Related reading: Michael Cusumano and Annabelle Gawer, Elements of Platform Leadership, Sloan Management Review. Spring 2002, (43) 3, pp 51- 58. â€Å"Gateway Economics,† and â€Å"The Lexicon of Network Economics,† and â€Å"Managing Complements,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 2b: Developing a multi-sided platform at Google Required reading: Google Inc, HBS Case 9-910-036 In class video: Hal Varian, Introduction to the Google Ad Auction, Made for YouTube. Related Reading: Andrei Hagiu and David Yoffie, â€Å"What’s your Google Strategy? † Harvard Business Review. R0904. Greenstein, â€Å"A Big Payoff,† â€Å"The Next Chapter at Google,† and â€Å"Did one invention lead to the decline of newspapers? † http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 2c: Entrepreneurial product development for a platform Required reading: â€Å"Developing an App for That,† HBS Case 9-711-415, August 2, 2011. Related reading: Bhide, Amar (1996). â€Å"The Questions Every Entrepreneur Must Answer,† Harvard Business Review, HBS Reprint 96603-PDF-ENG â€Å"Google’s Android: Will it shake up the Wireless Industry in 2009 and Beyond? Case SM-176. â€Å"Gaming Structure,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 3: Commercialization Topic 3a: Commercialization Strategy Required reading: Joshua Gans and Scott Stern, â€Å"The Product Market and the Market for Ideas: Commercialization Strategies for Techn ology Entrepreneurs. † Research Policy, In class video: Interview with Rod Cannon, in Triumph of the Nerds by Bob Cringely. 1996 Related reading: Seabrook, J. , â€Å"The Flash of Genius,† The New Yorker. Greenstein, â€Å"Imitation Happens,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 3b: Merger for knowledge transfer: Cisco Systems Required reading: â€Å"Cisco: Early if Not Elegant (A) and (B), Darden Case, UV 1632. Recommended reading: Bunnell and Brate, Making the Cisco Connection, Chapter 6, The Benevolent Predator. Geoffrey A. Moore, 2008, Dealing with Darwin, How Great Companies Innovate at Every Phase of Their Evolution, Penguin Group, pp 100-109, 159-167, and 181 -191 Ironport, Stanford GSB Case, E-334. Topic 3c: Commercialization experiments: Markets for intellectual property Required Reading: â€Å"Intellectual Ventures,† Case 9-710-423, Related reading: Nathan Myhrvold, Funding Eureka! HBR article, March, 2010. â€Å"When Patents Attack. † Originally aired on WBEZ/This American Life on 7. 22. 2011. http://www. thisamericanlife. org/radio-archives/episode/441/when-patents-attack Davis, Lee (2008). â€Å"Licensing Strategies of the New Intellectual Property Vendors,† California Management Review Greenstein, â€Å"Smart Phone patents and Platform Wars,† http://virulentwordof mouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 3d. Commercialization Experiments: Online without intellectual property. Required reading: RadioHead: Music at your own price (A) and (B), Case 9-508-110, 9-508-111 Related reading: â€Å"Pandora Radio: Fire Unprofitable customers? † HBS case 5-610-078, April 2011. â€Å"Digitization and Value creation,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 4: Firm boundary and scope Topic 4a: Extending functionality: Intel Required reading: â€Å"Intel Centrino in 2007: A new Platform Strategy for Growth. † SM-156. Related reading: Shane Greenstein â€Å"Economic Experiments and the Development of Wi-Fi. † Edited by Steven Kahl, Michael Cusumano, and Brian Silverman. Advances in Strategic Managements, V 29. Chapter 1, pp. 3-33. Emerald Group Publishing; Bingley, UK. Greenstein, February 2007, â€Å"The High Costs of a Cheap Lesson,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ 4b: Climbing the value chain Required reading Flextronics International, LTD, 9-604-063, April, 2010. HTC Corp. in 2012, HBS case 9-712-423, September, 2012. Related reading Greenstein, â€Å"Outsourcing and Two Views for Climbing the Value Chain,† http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 4c: User-contributed content Required Reading: â€Å"Wikipedia in the Spotlight,† Kellogg Teaching Case. August, 2009. Recommended Reading: â€Å"Wagging Wikipedia’s Long Tail. â€Å"Another Venerable Establishment Surrenders to Wikipedia,† and â€Å"The Range of Linus’ Law. † http://virulentwordofmouse. wordpress. com/ Topic 4d: Entrepreneurship and user participation Required reading: â€Å"Triumph of the Commons: Wikia and the Commercialization of Open Source Communities in 2009. † Kellogg Teaching case, October, 2009. Ye lp, Case 9-709-412 MentorMob and the Reinvention of Learning, August, 2011. Related Reading: Eric Raymond, The Cathedral and the Bazaar, First Monday. www. firstmonday. dk See class page on Blackboard, under the Assignment folder. Foursquare, HBS Case 9-711-418 How to cite The Evolution of the Mba, Papers

Managing And Leading Strategic Changeâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About The Managing And Leading Strategic Change? Answer: Introduction The private school i.e. the non-governmental or the independent schools which have an independent working with no administration from the national or state governments or by the local bodies. These schools have their individual right of selection of students and attain their funding in the form of students tuition fees instead of depending upon the funds gathered from the government. In Singapore, CPE i.e. The Committee for Private Education is a statutory body that regulates and administers the functioning of the private schools and institutions. It possesses the legislative power to administer, regulate and manage the functioning of the private educational sector in the country. It is essential for the private institutions to register under CPE. Another major body is the EduTrust i.e. The EduTrust Certification Scheme which is basically a scheme that works for the quality assurance perspective. The key aims of EduTrust is to differentiate the private schools in respect with the qua lity of their education as well as on the basis of improvements made that are helpful in attaining an improved education outcome. But in past few years, there has been faced a number of challenges by the institutes and the private schools because of increase number of frauds and issues in the private educational sector of Singapore (Yin, n.d.). There are renowned schools and private institutes that are trying to overcome these challenges and issues and trying to have a more safer and secure education system to avoid issues in the future time frame and thus for achieving the same there are numerous changes which are taking place in the strategies and management of these private schools. Significant trends in private educational sector and the associated issues In the private educational sector of Singapore, there has been realized a series of changes and modification. There are several new trends and variations that have been the cause behind the increasing number of issues faced by both the students as well as the institutions. The most prominent issue is the fraud and the incorrect certifications offered to the students (Lo, 2014). The individuals studying in these private institutes are facing issues related to fake certifications. The students are enrolling themselves in the universities to get certificates but there are numerous cases which have been investigated as offering fraud certificates and earning huge money (Chung, 2015). It is essential for the PEIs to renew their licenses with CPE to have trouble free functioning (Jiang and Carpenter, 2014). It is mandatory to register and renew license to meet the requirements of the education sector which are rising because of increase level of dynamicity in the sector. There have been hi ghlighted few of the key incidents that have raised a questioning about the authenticity of the private educational sector of Singapore. It was investigated by pro-tem CPE regarding the fake certificates or degrees of RMIT issues by Brookes Business School (Tomazin, 2009). The key point that rises the questioning was that there was no association between the Australian University and the School. In July 2009, due to indulge in such fraud activities, the school was shut down by the Singapores Ministry Of Education. It was claimed that the supervisor and the authoritative individual, Yap Chee Mun was not an appropriate individuals to operate the institute (Sam, 2017). The key issues that were highlighted in this case were that the school has taken upsurge course fees and sharing of the excess amount among the students, school and other associated parties. Other case associated with such changing trends and prevailing issues had taken place in the year 2010 when there was filed an anon yms complaint against SAS i.e. School of Applied Studies. An investigation was conducted and it was found that SAS was only offered with one year registration but not with certification by CPE (Sam, 2016). But the school made a false statement regarding its certification and there were enrolled around 300 students. Thus, it leads to another issue that rose because of unjustified profit making activities of the private schools in Singapore and cheated on the students certifications (Sam, 2017). Economic and Legal audit of the changing trends and issues in the private educational sector of Singapore Economic Analysis From the economic aspects, there has been analysed that Singapore has stood up stronger in terms of providing quality education to the people seeking for it. There has been realized a sudden increase in the economic development because of the capital formation with the rise in the educational sector of the country. But the trends and changes which are taking place in the education sector are impacting the nations economy in a negative aspect as because of fraud and fake certifications the schools or the educational institutes have to repay the amount to the students enrolled in the universities (McBurnie and Ziguras, 2011). Because of such issues, there is deterioration of the reputation of the educational sector which leads to decreased number of individuals enrolling themselves in the universities and this result in decrease amount of capital inflows in the nation. And because of the continuous scams and frauds the half of the private schools of Singapore are about to close which i s one of the most biggest downturn for the Singaporean economy as there is a vital role of the private educational sector in the strong GDP and capital formation of the country (Kobakhidze, 2014). Legal Analysis From the legal aspects, there has been analysed that Singapore has strong laws and regulations that restricts taking place of all such activities as well as sue the respective individuals or organisations who are involved in any kind of fraud activities related to the generation of fake certifications to the overseas students (JIALING, 2011). There are set legal practices and rules developed by CPE and MOE of Singapore which file suits against such institutes or bodies that are involved in the scams. It is essential for the private schools and institutes to have a registration under CPE and also to possess a period of four year of registration for attaining the certification from CPE. Thus, these are the legal regulations and laws which all the private educational sector organisations must follow (Daniel, Kanwar and Uvali?-Trumbi?, 2009). Transitional Challenges faced by the private educational sector of Singapore There are number of transitional challenges which are faced by the students in the private schools of Singapore due to a number of factors. The transitional challenges faced comprises of the challenges related to increased personal responsibilities in terms of academic requirements, self-directive learning, freedom, time management, etc. (Daniel, et al., 2010). There are also challenges related to personal and the social factors such as balancing the education and personal and social life, homesickness, meeting new people, lack of diversity etc. Other transitional challenges faced by the students includes challenges in effective communication, lack of feedbacks, isolation, large courses, challenges related to academic such as new terminologies, learning styles, group work, referencing, critical thinking, language issues, etc. (Healey, 2015). All such transitional challenges are required to be managed along with the fake certification issues in the educations sector of Singapore. Impact of issues on the growth and performance of the educational sector of Singapore (Source: Alfaro and Ketels, 2016) The education sector of Singapore has realized a sudden decline in the number of overall enrolments in the last few consecutive years. The primary reason behind this decrease number of enrolments of the local as well as the foreign students is because of the various illegal practices as well as declining standards of the quality of the education offered. It has resulted in increased pressure upon the institutions and the schools to bring increased level of improvements in their education systems and to improve the quality standards so that the number of enrolments can be increased (Alfaro and Ketels, 2016). (Source: Export, 2017) The private educational sector is extremely depended upon the enrolments of the foreign students because of the fact that they do not possess a complete knowledge of the authenticity and brand robustness of the schools and the universities and this offers an advantage to the private sector schools to enrol the overseas students. But because of increased number of frauds and scams in relation to the fake certification and unauthentic degrees, there has also been analysed a decline in the number of foreign students enrolling in the private schools of Singapore. From the year 2013, the total number of visas issued comprising of the overseas students i.e. 5092 has experienced a decline of almost of a thousand visas as the visas issues in 2017 was just 4000. This shows the declining reliability of the Singaporean schools and institutes (Export, 2017). Implementation of changes in the private educational sector through Lewins Change Model To make the organisations more competitive and have continuous improvements in the institutes or organisations, there is a need to have a change management process in the institutes. For implementing change, the various sectors and organisations take use a renowned model named as Lewins change model. There are particularly three stages in the change management model of Lewin i.e. Unfreeze, Change and Freeze. There is a strong need of implementing changes in the private educational sector of Singapore because of the increased number of issues and challenges and as its impacts, the decrease number of enrolments. To resolve the issues related to fake certifications and transitional issues there is a need to have adequate strategies. The first step in the change management process of the CPE and the MOE will be to unfreeze the current practices by suing up the schools or the institutes who are involved in such scams. For this, there is an essential need of tight scrutiny check to be perf ormed on all the private sector schools of Singapore. In respect with the transitional challenges, there must be an in-depth analysis of all the transitional issues faced by the students so appropriate strategies could be framed (Tienken and Orlich, 2013). The second step according to the Lewins change model is to implement change which demonstrates that there must be certain changes which are required to be performed in the laws, regulations, policies and practices. Firstly, the change would be in the online websites of the schools as they are the primary source for carrying out with the fraud activities and certifications. Thus, all the websites must have an automated check and evaluation system by the administrative bodies so that no such activity could take place. The other changes that must be incorporate comprises of appointment of the genuine and principled individuals who can carry on the functions of the private schools with utmost authenticity and ethicality (Cummings, Bridgman and Brown, 2016). There must also be an appointment of the audit committee who can check and evaluate the certifications, issue of degrees and other school related functions so that the chances of fraud can be eliminate. All the schools must be prepare d for all these changes so that future evaluations and working could be easier. In context with the transitional challenges, the administrative organisations or the schools must implement adequate trainings for the students especially for the one who have entered just entered in the secondary education. There must be orientation programs, taking use of diverse set of languages so that the students feel comfortable and also culturally diverse teachers to understand the issues of the students from overseas (Kritsonis, 2005). The third aspect of the model is refreeze as per which there must effective follow up of all the practices and policies and the changes that have been implemented by the respective authorities in the education system. In context with the transitional challenges, in the third step i.e. unfreeze there must be adopted a culture where more set of trainings must be continuously offered to the students as well as schools must follow all the guidelines to make the studen t fee comfortable without any such challenge. Essentials for effective change management process Strategies for influencing the key decision makers To incorporate the changes and to attain desired results, there is a need to have appropriate strategies so that the decision makers and all the liable authorities can participate in the change process. The strategies that can be beneficial for having an influence on the decision makers is that to make the president, the vice president and the other stakeholders understand the impact of the issues on the sustainability and growth of the educational sector and the importance of implementing change for achieving the desired goals and objectives (Flood, 2011). The decision makers must be offered with the evaluative results attained from the negative implication posed on the number of enrolments in the private schools of Singapore. Once the decision makers are informed with the consequences they can have effective implementation of the changes. Other strategies which can be used is to have an analysis of the competitive organisations i.e. the private educational sector of various other c ountries and there competitive strategies to resist these challenges. All these strategies will influence the decision makers to implement a change in the existing strategies and management (Leng, 2013). Sources and power required to implement change To implement the change in the private sector schools, the key power is in the hands of the administrative authorities i.e. the Ministry of Education of Singapore and the CPE as they are the key regulatory bodies and govern the power to implement any kind of change. Thus, it is essential that to overcome the challenges of transition and the fake certification issues, there is a need to implement new strategies and change management by these bodies (Ochieng, 2016). Importance of leadership in change management In the change management process at the private schools of Singapore there is key significance and importance of leadership. As to execute and implement the change in the organisations or the institutes in an effective manner, it is necessary to have a competent leader. There are several qualities, positive characteristics and competencies which are necessary to be the part of a leaders leadership skills. There is a need to have transformational leader instead of a transactional leader because of the reason that the transactional leaders are more concerned with the already established policies and standards to achieve a status quo whereas the transformational leaders believes in a change process to attain improved standards and performance (Chen-Wilson and Argles, 2010). There is its necessary to have transformational leaders in the private schools of Singapore who can have change management in the schools and overcome the issues and challenges that have taken place because of transa ctional aspect and the fake certifications issues. The leaders have a vital role in the process of change management as to change the existing systems, it is essential to develop a strong communication with the other associated members so that they can also be a part of the change management process and do not resist. The leader only can change the resistance to change into the part of a change management process. To have a sustainable change and effective change management in the private educational sector of Singapore, the responsible authoritative bodies and the institutional leaders must act in a transformational way and eliminate all the ill practices that leads to fraud in the educational system and generation of the fake certificates to the students as well as to have a sustainable practices for managing the transactional challenges in the educations sector (McNicoll, Luff and Campus, n.d.). Conclusion In the private educational sector of Singapore, there has been identified increase number of changes which has impacted the sector with many negative implications. From the report, it has been identified that there are several cases of fraud and scams related to the fake certifications and degrees to the students. All such incidents have resulted in ruining of the brand image of the Singaporean educational systems. The report also highlights numerous transactional challenges which also a major factor in the decreasing market share of eth educational systems. The report concludes that the private sector is facing changing trends that are leading to continuous rise of number of issues and to sustain these challenges, there is a need to have changes in the existing strategies of the private educational sector. From the insights taken, it can also be stated that with the help of Lewins change model, the institutes and the private schools can have an improved working with elimination of f raud activities. It is also concluded that to implement the change management process in an effective way, there is a key significance of a good transformational leader who can execute and implement the changes in the most efficient manner. The leadership competencies, qualities and skills are vital for achieving a sustainable change and improve practices in the private educational sector of Singapore. References Alfaro, L. and Ketels, C., 2016. Singapores Higher Education Cluster. Harvard Business School. Pp.35. Accessed on: 31st August, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.isc.hbs.edu/resources/courses/moc-course-at-harvard/Documents/pdf/student-projects/Singapore%20Higher%20Education%202016.pdf Chen-Wilson, L. and Argles, D., 2010, January. Towards a framework of a secure e-Qualification certificate system. InComputer Modeling and Simulation, 2010. ICCMS'10. Second International Conference on(Vol. 1, pp. 493-500). IEEE. Chung, F., 2015. The great Aussie degree scam: Forgers raking in thousands selling bogus qualifications. Accessed on: 31st August, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/careers/the-great-aussie-degree-scam-forgers-raking-in-thousands-selling-bogus-qualifications/news-story/37a95801652821f9357ba94c20bbf29a Cummings, S., Bridgman, T. and Brown, K.G., 2016. Unfreezing change as three steps: Rethinking Kurt Lewins legacy for change management.human relations,69(1), pp.33-60. Daniel, J., Kanwar, A. and Uvali?-Trumbi?, S., 2009. From innocence to experience: The politics and projects of cross-border higher education. InEducation across borders(pp. 19-31). Springer Netherlands. Daniel, J., Uvali?-Trumbi?, S., Kanwar, A., West, P., Balasubramanian, K., Lesperance, J. and Ramamurthy, S., 2010. Distance Education: Threats and Opportunities: Selected speeches and website blogs of Sir John Daniel and colleagues 2009-2010. Export, 2017. Singapore Education. Accessed on: 31st August, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.export.gov/article?id=Singapore-Education Flood, J., 2011. Legal education in the global context: challenges from globalization, technology and changes in government regulation. University of Westminster. Healey, N.M., 2015. Towards a risk-based typology for transnational education.Higher Education,69(1), pp.1-18. JIALING, L., 2011.Politicised Nationality for Transnational Life: Simultaneous Incorporation of Mainland Chinese settled student migrants in Singapore(Doctoral dissertation). Jiang, N. and Carpenter, V., 2014. A case study of emerging challenges and reflections on internationalization of higher education.International Education Studies,7(9), pp.50-56. Kobakhidze, M.N., 2014. Corruption risks of private tutoring: Case of Georgia.Asia Pacific Journal of Education,34(4), pp.455-475. Kritsonis, A., 2005. Comparison of change theories.International journal of scholarly academic intellectual diversity,8(1), pp.1-7. Leng, H.K., 2013. The use of Facebook as a marketing tool by private educational institutions in Singapore. InMarketing Strategies for Higher Education Institutions: Technological Considerations and Practices(pp. 164-175). IGI Global. Lo, W.Y.W., 2014. Think global, think local: The changing landscape of higher education and the role of quality assurance in Singapore.Policy and Society,33(3), pp.263-273. McBurnie, G. and Ziguras, C., 2011. Global trends in quality assurance for transnational education.Quality Assurance of Transnational Higher Education The Experiences of Australia and India, p.19. McNicoll, Y., Luff, A. and Campus, C., Protecting Student Welfare: managing policy in a global tertiary education market. Australia. Pp.24. Ochieng, H.O., 2016.A mobile based application for verification of legitimacy of degree certificates in Kenya(Doctoral dissertation, Strathmore University). Kenya. Pp.126. Sam, C.Y., 2016. Governing higher education institutions in Singapore: An agency framework.Serbian Journal of Management,11(1), pp.55-68. Referencesork 213. Pp.172. Tomazin, F., 2009. RMIT snared in degree scam. The Sydney Morning Herald. Accessed on: 31st August, 2017. Accessed from: https://www.smh.com.au/national/education/rmit-snared-in--degree-scam-20090617-chvv.html Yin, S.C., How does Singapore govern the private education institutions?.Pacific-Asian Education, p.19.

Mammals Essays - Mammal, Synapsids, Therapsids, Anteaters, Monotreme

Mammals There are three groups of mammals; egg-laying mammals ,pouched mammals and placental mammals. These three types of mammals are different for one main reason: reproductive methods. The egg-laying mammals lay eggs. The pouched mammals give birth to underdeveloped offspring. The offspring then spends time in the mother's pouch, and mature. The placental mammals keep their offspring inside them then give birth to a fully developed offspring. 2. The anteaters and spiny ant eaters were two separate kinds of mammals. the Spiny anteater lays eggs to reproduce, the anteater does not. 3. Two pouched mammals are Kangaroos and Koalas. Their young develop in pouches. 4. Mammary Glands are glands on the female mammal. They produce milk for the offspring to drink. 5. There are ten types of placental mammals. Here were their names and characteristics. Name Characteristic 1. Toothless No teeth 2. Water dwelling Live in water 3. Trunk Nosed Have trunks as noses 4. Rodent like Similar to rodents 5. Insect Eating Insects as food source 6. Flying Flying 7 Primates Ape like 8 Gnawing Eat by Gnawing 9 Flesh Eating Carnivorous 10 Even hooved Feet were hooves with even sides. 6. Whales were considered mammals for three reasons. First of all, they bear live young. Secondly they must surface for air. Lastly, they feed their young with mammary glands. 7. Sharp teeth help predators to devour their prey. 8. Primates were considered the smartest animals because they use their

Trojan Asteroids and their Places in the Solar System

Trojan Asteroids and their Places in the Solar System Asteroids are hot properties of the solar system these days. Space agencies are interested in exploring them, mining companies may soon be taking them apart for their minerals, and planetary scientists are interested in the role they played in the early solar system. It turns out that Earth and nearly all the other planets owe a large part of their existence to asteroids, which contributed to the process of planetary formation. Understanding Asteroids Asteroids are rocky objects too small to be planets or moons, but orbit in various parts of the solar system. When astronomers or planetary scientists discuss ​asteroids, they usually think about the region in the solar system where many of them exist; its called the Asteroid Belt and  lies  between Mars and Jupiter. While the majority of the asteroids in our solar system seem to orbit in the Asteroid Belt, there are other groups that orbit the Sun at various distances in both the inner and outer solar system. Among these are the so-called Trojan Asteroids, which are individually named after figures in the legendary Trojan Wars from Greek myths. Nowadays, planetary scientists simply refer to them as trojans.   The Trojan Asteroids First discovered in 1906, the Trojan asteroids orbit the Sun along the same orbital path of a planet or a  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹moon. Specifically, they either lead or follow the planet or moon by 60 degrees. These positions are known as the L4 and L5 Lagrange points. (LaGrange points are positions where the gravitational effects from two larger objects, the Sun and a planet, in this case, will hold a small object like an asteroid in a stable orbit.)  There are Trojans orbiting Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune.   Jupiters Trojans Trojan asteroids were suspected to exist as far back as 1772 but werent observed for some time. The mathematical justification for the existence of Trojan asteroids was developed in 1772 by Joseph-Louis Lagrange. The  application of the theory he developed led to his name being attached to it.   However, it was not until 1906 that asteroids were found at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points along Jupiters orbit.  Recently, researchers have found that there may be a very large number of Trojan asteroids around Jupiter. This makes sense since Jupiter has a very strong gravitational pull and likely captured more asteroids into its area of influence.  Some say there are could be as many around Jupiter as there are in the Asteroid Belt. However, recent studies have found that there may be systems of Trojan asteroids elsewhere in our solar system. These may actually outnumber the asteroids in both the Asteroid Belt and Jupiters Lagrange points by an order of magnitude (i.e. there could be at least more than 10 times more). Additional Trojan Asteroids In one sense, Trojan asteroids should be easy to find. After all, if they orbit at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points around planets, so observers know exactly where to look for them. However, since most of the planets in our solar system are very far away from Earth and because asteroids can be very tiny and incredibly hard to detect, the process of finding them, and then measuring their orbits, is not very simple. In fact, it can be very difficult!   As evidence of this, consider that the ONLY Trojan asteroid is known to orbit along Earths path - 60 degrees in front of us - was just  confirmed to exist in 2011!  There are also seven confirmed Mars Trojan asteroids. So, the process of finding these objects in their predicted orbits around other worlds requires painstaking work and a great many observations at different times of the year to get a direct and accurate measure of their orbital periods.   Most interesting though is the presence of Neptunian Trojan asteroids. While there around a dozen confirmed, there are many more candidates. If confirmed, they would significantly outnumber the combined asteroid count of the Asteroid Belt and Jupiter Trojans. This is a very good reason for continuing to study this distant region of the solar system.   There still could be additional groups of Trojan asteroids orbiting various objects in our solar system, but as yet these are the sum total of what we have found. More surveys of the solar system, particularly using infrared observatories, could turn up many additional Trojans orbiting among the planets.   Edited and revised by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Tearing, Ripping, and Rending

Tearing, Ripping, and Rending Tearing, Ripping, and Rending Tearing, Ripping, and Rending By Maeve Maddox English is rich in words to describe the act of cutting and pulling things apart, words like tear, rip, hack, slash, stab, and rend. Writers of violent fictionor journalists reporting the daily newscan choose just the right word to describe an injury: A taxi driver hacked an American to death after an argument over a $1.60 fare, Thai officials said late Sunday. [On a New York subway platform], a 24-year-old man was slashed with a Corona bottle in the neck, arms, and hands, and is recovering at Bellevue. Likewise, writers of romance are able to convey degrees of emotional pain by using the words figuratively. It’s the rejection that stabs you in the heart and crushes your soul. Here are six verbs to describe tearing, ripping, and rending: hack: This verb suggests heavy blows, possibly made in the heat of anger. tear: In modern usage, this is the verb we use with paper or another flimsy substance. If complete destruction is meant, we say â€Å"tear to pieces,† or â€Å"tear in pieces.† rip: This word can also be used of tearing paper, but carries a more forceful connotation. rend: A bit old-fashioned, rend has a Biblical ring to it. Mourners rend their garments; the Lord threatens to rend Solomon’s kingdom from him. The past tense is rent: â€Å"When the town of Sunnydale slid into the hellmouth on ‘Buffy,’ my fellow fans and I rent our hair and blubbered.† (OED example) NOTE: Rend is the verb in the expression â€Å"heart-rending†: â€Å"causing intense sorrow or emotional anguish.† Google Ngram Viewer indicates that the frequently heard eggcorn â€Å"heart-wrenching† first appeared in the 1950s. slash: This word suggests a sweeping blow with a sword, although in our day, a broken beer bottle will do. stab: This word implies the thrust of a short weapon, like a dagger. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterPeople versus Persons5 Examples of Misplaced Modifiers

One problem in our comunity ( miami) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

One problem in our comunity ( miami) - Essay Example Most of the work remains for improvement of conditions that teens pass through providing them with education and information regarding relationships and sexuality and improve reproductive and sexual health services (David, 2012) In Miami, local live births to mothers of age eighteen and under explained for eight percent of the entire births. Miami birth rates compared to teen girls dropped from 85 per one thousand to 51 in 2011. Both statewide and nationally, the sharpest decreases in the rates of teen births were noted for black teenagers. The rate of state births for black teenagers is dropped to 26% from the previous years. In spite of declines, Miami rates of birth in 2011 to mothers of age 18 years and below continue to increase in percentage of teenager births to black mothers 12% than the ratio to white mothers 6%. The Hispanic teen birth rates have not reflected the decline in the general birth rates. Miami birth rates for this group of teenagers have increased by 9% from 1991 (www.floridachart.com) The members of Miami should show awareness of the growing rate of teen pregnancy in high schools. The other goal is expressing need for a plan towards the reduction of teen pregnancy prevalence. Thirdly, is the development and implementation of the plan to reduce these pregnancies? Fourthly is the evaluation of success in meeting the planned goals and objectives. Lastly, is reporting teen pregnancy reduction rate. Determine: evaluate the following: teen pregnancy in Miami for the last two years; community demographics; attitudes towards teenager mothers and their young ones; programs in schools that work towards the welfare of the teen mothers; knowledge on sexuality and sex; attitude of the community on sex and effects of religious education of sex. Evaluation information should be used in the establishment of appropriate intervention. Performance: collect

Developments in UK energy distribution systems Research Paper

Developments in UK energy distribution systems - Research Paper Example The main purpose of this report is to set out important components that make up a modern energy network-heat, gas, and electricity. For each section, the report evaluates the development made, the challenges mooted ahead and what the government is currently doing to mitigate for that. Strengthening the electrical network in the UK has been a critical objective for the government to meet the ever-increasing energy demands in the country. Though historically the electrical system of the UK has been rated as among the best, the fact remains that much of the structure was initiated in the 60s and it was meant to meet the needs of that time Department of Energy & Climate Change 2014). With the ever-increasing generation of renewable technologies as well as nuclear energy stations, the electrical system in the country has been rendered obsolete. The investment into upgrading the electrical system in the UK is already underway. Since 2010-2011-fiscal year, over  £16 billion has already been spent on improving offshore and onshore electrical networks. According to Ofgem estimates, the total investments in these networks have since increased to more than 20%. Adoption of new government policies and regulatory frameworks is creating the best condition for the betterment of electrical networks. Because of the installation of more reliable regulatory regimes, there is a larger, reliable, and stronger electrical network in the U.K. To be at par the pace at which the electrical demands are moving, the government is working closely with the Ofgem to create systems that are resilient to current and future challenges (Department of Energy & Climate Change 2014). The interventions and frameworks being installed are meant to ensure that the system of sustainable not only to the demands of customers but also to meeting the global standards. Improving the structures of the energy electrical systems has become a chief objective of the UK government. With these

Hydraulic Fracturing Essay Example for Free

Hydraulic Fracturing Essay Thousands of feet below the Earth’s surface, flows vast reservoirs of one of our planets most sought after commodities. In ancient Babylon there are writings of a dark elixir oozing from the lands surface, even then the people understood how precious this material was. Oil, along with Natural gas, are exceptionally rich sources of energy. A gallon of oil surpasses the output of five kg of coal, ten kg of wood, and over fifty times the amount of energy that fifty humans can produce. The richest oil can actually provide one hundred more times the energy, than the resources used to extract it from the ground. Currently the US is entering one of the largest modern oil booms the world has ever seen. Unfortunately unlike in ancient Babylon, oil today does not simply ooze out of the ground and into our cars. New advances in science and visualization technology have given us a process known as hydraulic fracturing. Also known as horizontal drilling, or fracking, these new techniques have caused a great controversy and sparked a public debate over the potential risks â€Å"fracking† could ensue on our environment. Despite the negative pictures environmental lobbyists have painted, hydraulic fracturing is essential for the future of America’s economy. Its main purpose is to create jobs, a stable market, and advance the future of clean energy in the United States. Currently, there has been a focused attention on the negative environmental impacts fracking could potentially carry with it especially in the water supply. There are hundreds of on-going investigations taking place to ensure the protection of the environment as well the health of citizens who currently populate near sites that are using a horizontal drilling method. Most of the negative impacts on the environment, associated with fracking, are poorly understood by the general public. The water supply has been one of the main concerns voiced by lobbyists and various media outlets. Currently the United States government has issued extensive research on the matter through the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA has focused much of its attention on the sustainability of the water supply and soil surrounding current and former drilling sites. The EPA recently released on their main website a statement  confirming the following: The EPA currently is working closely with indus try partners to identify locations and develop research activities for prospective case studies. In prospective case studies, research at the site begins before hydraulic fracturing occurs, and then continues during and after hydraulic fracturing activities. The studies to date have shown no correlation to contaminated water supplies before or after the process of hydraulic fracturing. According to the New York Times, â€Å"Shale gas is accessed at depths of thousands of feet while drinking water is extracted from depths of only hundreds of feet. Nowhere in the state have fracking compounds injected at depth been shown to contaminate drinking water.† It is important to understand the process at which the gas is extracted to understand where the areas of risk occur. â€Å"Each well contains multiple layers of steel casing and cementing to effectively protect groundwater.† (API 1) This is essential to the protection of our water supply. It is important to understand the access large oil companies have to advanced equipment and the most brilliant minds. Each year bill ions of dollars are spent on research towards the extraction and containment of natural gas as well how to dampen the carbon footprint left after drilling. Many natural gas operators have chosen to disclose the ingredients of their cocktails to the website FracFocus.org, it is operated by the Groundwater Protection Council. This website includes a public record that can be examined by drill site or well location, individuals can effortlessly view the components used to fracture detailed wells. â€Å"As of early 2012, nearly one hundred companies have already provided information about approximately ten thousand wells and that number increases every day.† (API) Companies in our modern society understand the importance of transparency. Access to websites and detailed logs have given the public the ability to make their own judgments on the safety of individual operators. This makes large and independent companies held to higher standards than ever before. While there are greenhouse gases released during the extraction process they are significantly less than our current coal-fired plants. â€Å"Shale gas emits half the carbon diox ide per unit of energy as does coal, and coal burning also emits metals such as mercury into the atmosphere that eventually settle back into our soils and waters.† (New York Times) This is of great importance to understand especially as one of the oldest and largest coal-fired plant operates in  west Texas. Advocacy groups such as the Sierra Club are fighting to shut down these highly destructive plants. â€Å"Coal and gas-fired power plants emit more than 2.3 billion metric tons per year of carbon pollution, approximately 40% of total U.S. energy-related carbon pollution.†(SierraClub.Org) Because of intense restrictions any emissions from oil and gas wells must stay within agreed state and federal restrictions to guarantee the health and well-being of residents. â€Å"Natural gas is considered a clean burning fuel because of its comparatively low emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.†(API 1) According to the Environmental Protection Agency, natural gas-fired electricity generates half the carbon dioxide of coal-fired production. As a country we have gained a dependency on energy and as we grow new techniques will have to be discovered to maintain our consumption rate. Hydraulic Fracturing brings us closer to clean energy while having an instanta neous benefit to our atmosphere and environment by making dangerous coal-fired plants obsolete. The oil and natural gas industry resources are considerably valuable to the United States ‘economy as one of the country’s major employers and buyers of imports. Maintaining its growth through a struggling economy, Americas oil and natural gas operators carry on to deliver well-paying employment, returns to administrations and share growth for millions of Americans. â€Å"With increased access to U.S. oil and gas resources we can create 1 million new jobs in the next ten years alone.†(Green 1) That means if the nation could regulate the practice of fracking, while protecting the environment, it in return would create one million American jobs. That would not only raise our unemployment rate exponentially, but would insert millions of tax dollars back into the economy for improved infrastructure or education. â€Å"Expansion of oil and natural gas shale assets sustained more than 2.1 million jobs in 2012.†(API 1) Affordable, native natural gas is vital to refreshing the chemical, manufacturing, and steel industries. These great industries have supported our nation in the past and will continue into the future. The American Chemis try Council determined: A 25 percent increase in the supply of ethane (the liquid derived from shale gas) could add over 400,000 jobs across the economy, provide over $4.4 billion annually in federal, state, and local tax revenue, and spur $16.2 billion in capital investment by the chemical industry That added boost to  the job market is a gift long overdue to our struggling economy. Similarly, the National Association of Manufacturers estimated that high recovery of shale gas and lower natural gas prices will help U.S. manufacturers employ 1,000,000 workers by 2025. This will directly stimulate small town communities by offering technical job positions with life-long benefits. As well the added income will help to slowly relieve the burden of debt many families are suffering from. An IHS report, America’s New Energy Future: The Unconventional Oil and Gas Revolution and the US Economy, estimates that: â€Å"Mainly due to lower energy prices, average disposable income per household increased by more than $1,200 in 2012.†(IHS 4) This has continuously been omitted from the main stream media. Numerous industry sponsored reports are connecting gushing oil and natural gas production brought on by fracking is lifting the United States economy by dropping energy costs for clients and producers. It has a direct correlation as we produce more on shore energy our costs and high import taxes decrease. This in affect has a trickle-down policy when oil costs less to extract, ship, and use then household energy bills go down. President Obama’s 2012 State of the Union address the President claimed recognition for governing the leading decline in oil imports in current times and for accomplishing the lowest use of need on oil imports in sixteen years. He accredited that notable outcome somewhat to improved oil production in North and South Dakota but mainly to the substantial surge in gas production that has directly stemmed from hydraulic fracturing. There is a clear indication that the risks of fracking are reducing day by day as the benefits continue to increase. The crash of 2008 brought our economy to a grinding halt. There is currently no other market that could stimulate the economy as much as the energy sector. The United States Economy will progress substantially over the next ten years due to the shale boom. Hydraulic fracturing will reduce the cost of energy while raising manufacturing. Most importantly it will reassure chemical and technology companies will receive higher endowments givin g us an edge over our competitors. Fracking will also reduce the cost of transportation by fueling our vehicles with clean natural gas. By performing quality due diligence we can omit the fears associated with hydraulic fracturing once and for all. Joint cooperation from the US Department of Energy and the International Energy Agency will contribute access to up to date reports on the environment and public safety. Hydraulic fracturing offers us hundreds of years producing clean, dependable, sustainable energy. It will directly affect the following generations while having a positive effect on our current economy. â€Å"Hydraulic fracturing is the future without it, we would lose 45 percent of domestic natural gas production and 17 percent of our oil production within 5 years.†(API 1) Some view hydraulic fracturing in an undesirable context. I am confident in hydraulic fracturing and see it as a window of opportunity for America that will help boost the economy while giving an immediate reduction in greenhouse gases. The benefits and rewards of hydraulic fracturing simply outweighs the risks. Works Cited Brantley, Susan L., and Anna Meyendorff. The Facts on Fracking. Nytimes.com. New York Times, 13 Mar. 2013. Web. 4 Mar. 2014. Efstathiou, Jim, Jr. Bloomberg. Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg, 3 Sept. 2013. Web. 03 Mar. 2014. . Green, Mark. Energy Tomorrow Home. Energy Tomorrow Home. API.ORG, 28 Feb. 2014. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. Hassett, Kevin A., and Aparna Mathur. American Enterprise Institute. AEI. Aei.org, 4 Apr. 2013. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. Larson, John W., and Richard Fullenbaum. Americas New Energy Future. Rep. no. Vol. 3. IHS.com, Sept. 2013. Web. 4 Mar. 2014. . Pierce, Richard J., Jr. Scholarly Commons. Site. Gwu.edu, 2013. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. . Sierra Club Home Page: Explore, Enjoy and Protect the Planet. Sierra Club Home Page: Explore, Enjoy and Protect the Planet. Sierraclub.org, 2012. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Department of the Enviroment. Progress Report Webinar. Epa.gov, 28 Feb. 2014. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. . Zobak, Mark. American Petroleum Institute. American Petroleum Institute. API.ORG, Sept. 2013. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.

Literary Themes In All Quiet O :: essays research papers

Some authors use themes to show the reader some perspective. Erich Maria Remarque’s book “All Quiet on the Western Front'; uses many themes but there are four main ones. Those four themes are the Lost Generation, futility of war, sound imagery, and the institutionalization or depersonalization of war. Some of these themes can be integrated together to make an alarming yet wonderful effect to draw the reader into the story of “All Quiet on the Western Front';.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most prominent themes book is also the most saddening. That theme is the institutionalization or depersonalization of war. Remarque begins the story with Germany’s soldiers fighting an institutionalized war. Soldiers were trained to destroy and kill the enemy. By institutionalizing the war, it was made easier to kill someone just like you for no reason. But by depersonalizing the soldiers with their enemy, it left devastating effects on the mind and heart. Soldiers emotions were deadened and they became irrational. Throughout the story, Paul Baumer, the narrator does not talk about killing someone but as the story progresses, this changes. An example of Paul acting irrational because of the effect war had on him was when he was in the trenches and all of a sudden, a French soldier comes into the trench and Paul immediately stabs him without thinking about, for Paul is scared and emotionally scarred. After stabbing him, Paul leaves him alone to let him bleed to death. In that part of the story, Paul regains a little bit of his emotions because after he stabbed the man, he starts to feel very guilty about it. He tries to talk to the dead man and help the man’s wounds. When Paul looks at the mans wallet, he finds some information about the soldier and realizes that the soldier was very much like himself, the only difference was that they were fighting on different sides. Paul then starts to feel he killed himself and wishes no more of a part in the war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The institutionalization of the war led to people thinking how futile this war really is. Because the war was so depersonalized for the soldiers of Germany, they start to feel this isn’t their war to fight. Their loyalties are lost. What could have been solved between world leaders in a peace meeting had been made into an all out war, making millions of people lose their lives.

Language Barriers of Hispanic Immigrants Essay

Language barriers are one of the common problems of the Hispanic immigrants in the United States of America. It cannot be denied that with the growing number of immigrants in the country, it is being predicted that such number will not decrease with the succeeding years. Meaning to say, there are going to be more immigrants to be expected to live in the country. Because of this, it has been important that the language barriers created among the Hispanic immigrants are solved and eradicated. This paper discusses the different language barriers that are being faced and experienced by many Hispanic immigrants in the United States of America. More specifically, this paper answered the following questions: 1. What are the various language barriers created among the Hispanic immigrants when adapting to the United States of America? 2. How do such language barriers affect the lives of the Hispanic immigrants in America, both students and professionals? 3. What can be done in order to diminish if not totally eradicate language barriers? The methods used by the author in gathering the necessary information needed to complete the research are via interviews and researches. Interviews were made in order to gather first hand information about the language barriers among Hispanic immigrants. The author interviewed different people from the Hispanic descent living in the United States of America to ask about their experiences in speaking the English language which they are unfamiliar with and to know about how they were able to reduce and eradicated the impact of being a foreigner in a land where English is the dominant language being used to communicate verbally and written. Introduction The immigration of the United States of America surges as many Hispanics migrate to the country for residency or for greener pastures. But in relation to it is the increasing diversity and failure of cultural adaptation caused by language barriers that are being experienced by the Hispanic immigrants in the country. Many student immigrants in the country found it hard to adopt the culture in America because they cannot communicate well with the new people and environment that surround them (Norton et al, 1978). Most of the Hispanic immigrants in America came from a country where English is not the main language being used for communication. With this, most of the immigrants are being culturally shocked and hence, failed to attain the very purpose they went to the United States of America and that is to study and work. According to Pinzon and Miguel (2000), many Hispanics who went to America to study are being engaged to domestic violence, low educational achievement or the lack of it, teen pregnancy, and even poverty among others. The principal reason of such situation is the fact that the Hispanics are not able to easily adapt to the academic life in America because it has been hard for them to pick up the language, communicate with it and apply the same in their American dreams. For these reasons alone, it has been the plight of many educators to find ways as to how the Hispanics, both students and professionals alike, be motivated to study and learn English as quickly as possible. It could be that the incorporation of the students to the classroom and to make then engaged will be of great help (Roberts, 1999). Hence, this paper is for the purpose of identifying the language barriers created among the Hispanics immigrants when adapting to the United States of America as it relates to education. Literature Review There are many researches that have been conducted in order to understand the various language barriers that are prohibiting the Hispanics to learn English as their Second Language. It cannot be denied that immigrants get their support from their families. It is the latter that sets goal for the immigrants, both students and professionals alike, to study and work in America for greater opportunity to succeed and be successful in America. According to Zhou (1997), it is the adult immigrants and the professionals who are getting the attention of the many researchers and educators in the country. The focus of the society is to determine how the adult immigrants can easily adapt to the â€Å"American Style† of living. The aim to support the learning of English as Second Language is geared towards them while the students aged below 18 years old are not being given much attention. It is in this situation that most of the students find it hard to overcome fear in living the â€Å"American Way and Style. † They tend to become aloof, rebellious and uninterested to learn. It has likewise been found out that the result of such neglect among the Hispanic students is the apparent negative views towards the culture of America. Further studies have revealed that it will be very hard for the students to adapt to the â€Å"American Style† because of the absence of support from their families and the society as well. The moment that these students and young immigrants set their feet in the land of unending opportunities they are immediately evaluated based on the standards of the Americans without considering that these younger generations are from another country whose style of living is totally different to that of the Americans. With this, the young Hispanic students have lost connection to their â€Å"world† which in turned caused them to feel deprived and at lost in the new country they are exploring and the educational environment they have been placed. In this situation, the parents of the students who can easily adjust to the â€Å"American Style† have opted to relocate to a place in America where the surroundings resembled that of their own. They usually settle to places where they can hear the same sound, use the same language and act the same. Hence, the students and the community no longer struggle to learn the English language and press on to adapt the â€Å"American Style†. This could be a good thing to do in order to make a smooth transition of lifestyle. But what others failed to see and realized is that such smooth transitions are merely increasing the language barriers among the Hispanic people. The familiarity of the Hispanics in their new â€Å"home† simply decreases the chance of learning the English as Second Language. There is no longer a single purpose for the usage the language now that they are living in the same old environment. It has become apparent then that the Hispanic people who are living in this kind of society are those who are afraid to barge into a different lifestyle and to likewise adapt the culture that they have come to meet in the country. It is a known fact that it is hard to adapt to the society where the English is the dominating language. More studies have stated that when the Hispanics students have been speaking English language in school, it is a good indication of learning. However, such learning is being barred when they are already in their homes and uses their native tongues. The key in learning English and speaking it as Second Language is practice. As an old adage goes â€Å"practice makes perfect. † Hence, when the students will not speak English and use their native tongues instead, it will be hard for them to speak English on the next day. Suffice it to say, it is important that even in the homes of the students, the language should be utilized in order to communicate in order to develop confidence in communicating in English not just to the family members but also with the people around them in schools and in their immediate neighborhood. It is the dominant language that makes Hispanics struggle with learning English and to become fluent and proficient with it. Learning English is not an easy thing to do especially for individuals who have spoken a different language for a long time. In the United States of America, they will study the lessons and practice English. But the difficulty entailed to it makes the students resort to speaking the language they know better. Speaking the language is not just dependent on knowing the principle but rather to apply the same in a real time setting. It is not about learning the words and the right pronunciation but rather to be fluent in speaking and be confident about it. All around the world, English is the only language that is acceptable in terms of communicating in a cross-cultural manner. It is an international language that enables people from different races, background and culture to understand each other without much struggling because of the presence of differences. But more than that, it cannot be denied that the English language is a source of knowledge for the people. Its role in the lives of many people from all walks of life is indispensible. For example, most books are written in English. Probably, 99% of all publications are in English. It is in this very essence that learning English as Second Language becomes as much as important as breathing. In a classroom setting, it has been revealed that the first and foremost learning skill that has to be taught for Hispanics is speaking in English. Hence, with the changing times, teaching from the school administrators and teachers should be striving in teaching English as Second Language for the immigrants in order for them to develop and improve their communication skills. The responsibility of the teachers is to ensure that the students are able to grasp the principle of learning the language and the importance to learn the proper usage of words to speak better and to communicate a very efficient and effective manner that people will understand. However, it has been found out that there are no enough regular English classes that are being afforded in schools. Hence, the students are not being given training and education to study English and to speak like Native English speakers. It is important that every educational institution must provide proper training grounds for the Hispanic students. This is to ensure that they will have an equal amount of training that will make them qualified to the standards of the Americans. There are different ways that can be utilized in teaching English to the Hispanics. It is true that while learning English is hard it is as hard as teaching the same. The lack of facilities and regular classes for the English language makes it harder for the students to learn the language which will eventually cause for their lack of confidence and seclusion from the American society. The lack of right English will cause an even longer bridge that the Hispanics will not be able to cross in terms of the cultural differences and diversity that are apparent in the society. Added to the dilemma of the Hispanic people is the fact that the absence of the ability to speak English correctly and fluently makes a person lesser. People often think that when there are individuals in the society that cannot even speak English, such individuals are very unfortunate. Many opportunities are being closed and no one wants to take them in the social circles. The connection of the old world and the â€Å"American Style† will never meet. If people want to live to the fullest the â€Å"American Style† then they have to learn English (Stevenson, 1974). They need to speak in the manner that can be understood by people from all ages and from all cultures and not necessarily the American way. The Hispanics and other non-Native American speakers who are learning the language are proved to be excelling in the subjects of Math and English this is because they have more motivations than the native ones. They are in America to study and improve their lives and that motivates them to go on despite of its difficulty. Suarez-Orozco (1987) revealed that a number of my teacher-informants reported early on that these Central American students were well motivated to learn (particularly English). The teachers noted that immigrant students exerted greater effort, studied harder, and often received better grades than other minority students. The teachers reported that many informants were more respectful and â€Å"nicer to have around† than either Anglo or other minority students. More objective measures seem to confirm these impressions. For example, in both school sites the Central American students were statistically underrepresented in numbers of school suspensions. Five of the graduating recent arrivals from Central America in my sample (10% of the total sample) were accepted into prestigious American universities. Many Central American students were learning English at a rapid pace. In fact, so many were learning English fast that in both school sites, teachers privately reported that the counselors systematically kept the immigrants in English as a Second Language [ESL] classes and lower-level bilingual classes longer than required. This was done because of lack of space in the regular English classroom. A systematic pattern of subtle discrimination was evident as I be-came more intimate with the teachers, counselors, and staff. The powerless immigrant students were not a priority: they were thus assigned to lower-level classes, classes that in some cases they had successfully completed in their country of origin. The above condition and information only proves that many immigrants, born or not, are striving hard in order to meet up with the expectation of their parents. It must be noted that most of the immigrants are people who are not well-off of their country of origin. Hence, the pressure to prosper and to improve their lives is being placed in the hands of the students. It is the duty and responsibility of the students to study and to secure the future of their family in the United States of America (Gammage, 1999). Research Questions This research paper aims to identify the language barriers being experienced by the Hispanic immigrants in the educational setting and system of the United States of America. More specifically, this research will answer the following questions: 4. What are the various language barriers created among the Hispanic immigrants when adapting to the United States of America? 5. How do such language barriers affect the lives of the Hispanic immigrants in America, both students and professionals? 6. What can be done in order to diminish if not totally eradicate language barriers? Methods The primary method utilized in this research to gather the necessary data and information used in this paper is the interview method. The author undertook interview process to various Hispanics in the United States of America and asked them questions as to what are the language barriers that are affecting their immigration in the country. The interview was conducted on a man to man basis wherein the author met with the participants and asked the questions pertaining to the main problem of this paper. The author also employed purposive method of selecting the participants of the study. The author established the following criteria in the selection of the participants to be interviewed: a) participants must be less than 18 years of age; b) must be of Hispanic descent; c) migrated to the United States of America to study and; d) incorporated in the educational system of America. Interview method as a form of data collection proved to be useful as the author was able to gather first hand information in real time and to acquire relevant information as well. Other information used by the author has been taken from different studies and researches published in the form of scholastic journals and books accordingly. Findings Upon collating the information needed in order to complete this research paper, the author has yielded the following results: 1. It has been found out that there are several language barriers that have been created among the Hispanic descents in the United States of America. Some of the common language barriers are: a) the absence of regular English classes that teach English as Second Language to the students; b) the lack of confidence among the Hispanics to speak the language in a foreign country; c) the absence of proper pronunciation of the English language taught in their country of origin; d) lack of practices in speaking the English language; d) strong inclination to their original culture; e) not enough reason to study English; f) living in a city or place in the United States of America surrounded by non-English speaking people and; g) a feeling of being uncomfortable in speaking the English language in a nation that has English as its dominant language. 2. Such language barriers have decreased the confidence of the Hispanic students in doing their best in schools and in excelling in the field of learning English and in their various endeavors in life. 3. There are many things that can be utilized in order to diminish if not totally eradicate the language barriers that have been created among the Hispanic immigrants in the United States of America. Among the solutions to the problem is by a) conducting regular English classes in schools; b) placing the Hispanic immigrants in residences where the neighborhood that speaks English only; c) encouraging the families of every immigrants to speak English even in the comfort of their own homes to build confidence and; d) motivate the students to learn amidst difficulties and cultural differences.

American Values essay

How American Family Values have change on the last 20 years The values of the cozy mid-80’s American family entertained us and sold us refrigerators, cars, and cigarettes, but they were the exception, not the rule. This was the world of the white suburban minority that exerted media dominance over the rest of the nation. Televison took them into our living rooms, convincing us this was the American family. In reality, this was the world of â€Å"separate but equal† family values. This was the world of living on the right or the wrong side of the tracks family values. These were the values that put minorities in the from of the bus.These were never the actual family values of the period. They were the values we were sold by the newly developing television industry. The nostalgic family values of the 80s are the subject of legend and myth. During the mid-Twentieth Century middle and upper class White Americans prospered. This is what is depicted in Life Magazine, The Dina h Shore Show, and Ed Sullivan's Sunday night TV extravaganza. Minority Americans, poor Americans, single Americans valued survival, not prosperity, and struggled against the glamorized stereotype for opportunity. Family values change because times and families change.Those who so fondly point to the â€Å"Happy Days† as the symbol of American family values fail to consider the majority of American families of the time period. In the real world of the nostalgic 80s, most families did not live in three-bedroom suburban homes and drive new automobiles. Have all heard it said many times before, â€Å"Oh well, times have changed, and we must change along with them. † The title of this article alone is enough to make one laugh a sarcastic snicker. The truth of the matter is that as much as people seem to have a need to believe it to be so, times do not change. People change.People have become more complacent in these modern days. Anything goes, and if anyone dares speak out in disagreement, the politically correct police will be on them in a New York second. It is true, one word of displeasure voiced against another’s lack of morality will win the speaker an instant title as an ill-informed, unyielding, old fashioned, bigot. Skirts too short†¦Ã¢â‚¬ you are so old fashioned. † Bad language shows lack of creativity and intellect†¦ â€Å"It’s just a word. †Ã‚   Teenage role model performing a public lap dance†¦ even the out of touch, Hollywood, best friend type of dad answers, â€Å"Oh well, that's what teenagers do these ays. † And all of those worshiping this one man suddenly jump to his defense, and begin parroting his horrible parenting skills. This is howAmerica was founded on Christian principles, but would you know it to look around? With the moral degradation in America, maybe it's time we took a look at our values. First, let's define morals: Moral applies to personal character and behavior, espec ially sexual conduct: â€Å"Our moral sense dictates a clearcut preference for these societies which share with us an abiding respect for individual human rights† (Jimmy Carter).Ethical stresses idealistic standards of right and wrong: â€Å"Ours is a world of nuclear giants and ethical infants† (Omar N. Bradley). Virtuous implies moral excellence and loftiness of character: â€Å"The life of the nation is secure only while the nation is honest, tru thful, and virtuous† (Frederick Douglass). Righteous emphasizes moral uprightness; when it is applied to actions, reactions, or impulses, it often implies justifiable outrage: â€Å"He was†¦ stirred by righteous wrath† (John Galsworthy). Values are the beliefs of a group of people shared as a whole, unlike morals which are individual to every person. Generally, an emotional investment coincides with the values. Typically, the term is used by the media to refer to Christian values, but in a 1998 Harris sur vey it was defined as â€Å"loving, taking care of, and supporting each other† by 52% of women and 42% of men, as â€Å"knowing right from wrong and having good values† by 38% of women and 35% of men, and as the traditional family by 2% of women and 1% men.The survey also noted that 93% of women thought that society should value all types of families. [3] [edit] Conservative definitions Since 1980, the Republican Party has used the issue of family values to attract socially conservative voters. [4] While family values remains a rather vague concept, social conservatives usually understand the term to include some combination of the following principles (also referenced in the 2004 Republican Party platform):[5] * Promotion of â€Å"traditional marriage† and opposition to sex outside of conventional marriage, ncluding pre-marital sex, adultery, polygamy, bestiality, and incest[6][7][8][9] * Support for a roll back of aspects of feminism and support for a traditio nal role for women in the family. [10][citation needed] * Opposition to same-sex marriage[5] * Support for traditional education and parental involvement in that education, including such things as vouchers for private, non-secular education. 11] * Opposition to legalization of abortion and support for policies that instead encourage abstinence and adoption[12] * Support for â€Å"abstinence education† exclusively regarding risks associated with early sexual activity such as teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases[5] while not teaching such topics of sex education as human sexual behavior, safe sex and birth control[13] * Support for policies that are said to protect children from obscenity and exploitation[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Social and religious conservatives often use the term â€Å"family values† to promote conservative ideology that supports traditional morality or Christian values. [21] American Christians often see their religion as the source of morality and consider the nuclear family to be an essential element in society. Some conservative family values advocates believe the government should endorse Christian morality,[22] for example by displaying the Ten Commandments or allowing teachers to conduct prayers in public schools.Religious conservatives often view the United States as a â€Å"Christian nation†[23] For example, â€Å"The American Family Association exists to motivate and equip citizens to change the culture to reflect Biblical truth and traditional family values. â€Å"[24] These groups variously oppose abortion, pornography, pre-marital sex, homosexuality, certain aspects of feminism[25], cohabitation, separation of church and state, and depictions of sexuality in the media. [edit] Liberal definitions Although the term â€Å"family values† remains a core issue for the Republican Party, in recent years the Democratic Party has also used the term, though differing in its definition. For exa mple, in his acceptance speech at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, John Kerry said â€Å"it is time for those who talk about family values to start valuing families. [26] The Democratic Party definitions of family values often include items that specifically target working families such as support of: * a living wage * universal health care * the acceptance of adoption by gays * the acceptance of the non-traditional family (single parent households, same-sex marriages) * social programs and financial aid for families Other liberals have used the phrase to support such values as family planning, affordable child care, and maternity leave. For example, groups such as People For the American Way, Planned Parenthood, and Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays have attempted to define the concept in a way that promotes the acceptance of single-parent families, same-sex monogamous relationships and marriage.This understanding of family values does not promote conservative moral ity, instead focusing on encouraging and supporting alternative family structures, access to contraception and abortion, increasing the minimum wage, sex education, childcare, and parent-friendly employment laws, which provide for maternity leave and leave for medical emergencies involving children. [27] While conservative sexual ethics focus on preventing premarital or non-procreative sex, liberal sexual ethics are typically directed rather towards consent, regardless of whether or not the partners are married. [28 * The American Heritage ® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright  © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. * * Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 2006 Anne Revillard

Joseph J. Ellis. After the revolution †History Essay (200 Level Course)

Joseph J. Ellis. After the revolution – History Essay (200 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Joseph J. Ellis. After the revolution History Essay (200 Level Course) Joseph J. Ellis. After the revolution: profiles of early American culture. (1979; reprint, New York: W.W. Norton Co., 2002) Joseph E Ellis, an acclaimed historian biographer and a professor, is acknowledged as the best selling author for the books on the founding fathers of United States of America. His famous book Founding brothers: The revolutionary generation won the Pulitzer Prize for history in 2001. His other famous works include Founding brothers of the United States, American Sphinx: The character of Thomas Jefferson and His Excellency: George Washington. Joseph E Ellis’s, After the Revolution, is one more masterpiece on the revolutionary era. There was an outbound optimism prevalent in the minds of America scholars as well as civil citizens that the new world had the ideal environment for the flowering of arts and sciences; and the cultural traditions established by the Athenians were moving westward. Ellis in his creation tries to argues, why in spite of such rampant optimism the cultural explosion, as we all know of never happened? In the opening chapters he sufficiently explains, that how could such buoyant and unprecedented expectations of cultural explosion develop in Provincial America? And how the endorsements of freedom which the dominant ideology of liberal capitalistic society led to the degeneration of arts and culture? To explain the rapidly changing social condition of pre-Revolutionary America, Ellis gives the life stories of four men whose lives were centered on that social change, Charles Willson Peale, an art ist; Hugh Henry Brackenridge, a novelist; William Dunlap, a dramatist and theater manager; and Noah Webster, an educator, linguist, and all purpose polemicist. In my opinion, even though America has succeeded economically, and in subsequent years after the revolution championed the policy of manifest destiny, it has drastically failed as far as compared to the Arts and culture of contemporary Western Europe. There is no artist in the American history, who ever had the caliber of Shakespeare or Leonardo Da Vinci. During the mid eighteenth century the colonists experienced tremendous demographic as well as economic growth. Ezra Stiles explaining the reason for such rapid growth proclaimed, â€Å"Free polity, free religion and free property, and matrimony, will soon populate a fertile country.† Faith in power and prefer ability of freedom had championed the minds of the revolutionary people, and they presumed that the artistic, political, and economic life of any society was a single thing. It was widely believed that arts and sciences couldn’t flourish without free government. Eventually, the idea of freedom gave birth to the liberal capitalistic society. Artistic creativity and economic productivity were expected to grow with liberating process, and commercial and cultural ascendancy were expected to go hand in hand. No sooner after the revolution American’s premonitions of Athens, provide utterly apocalyptic, as arts proved to be poison for the new republican life. The hostility of high culture was the product of the capitalistic society. As observed by Charles Wilson Peale, there was no group of artists which remain distinguished from the political and ideological issues. There were three main reasons mainly associated with the degeneration of arts. First according to Plato, artists and poets undermined the morality of the community because they tended to incite passions into reason. It is very surprising that Rome and other renaissance city states also began to degenerate just when the arts began to flourish. Secondly, â€Å"luxury and corruption†¦seem the inseparable companions of Commerce and the Arts;† claimed the Puritans who believed that a Christian must earn the fruits of his own industry. Puritans believed that prosperity was the path to the decadence and the social collapse. Thirdly, the republican ideology which had shaped American ideology led to the suspicious attitude towards individual freedom and the fine arts. The reason was the criticism of English society and the government as corrupt was in effect criticism of the values produced by the burgeoning capitalist economy. Another important reason was the more emphasis that was placed on order and disciplined freedom, which were circumscribed by the civic obligation imposed by public virtue and more emphasis was placed on ordered, disciplined freedom. In spite of artistic independence, Ellis’s men were torn by dual allegiances. Their lives coincided with the emergence of modern social conditions-democratic politics and a capitalistic economy on the verge of industrialization. But as we all know theses men were masters of their own time. Peale’s contribution to art, and Noah Webster’s understanding of the word culture is enough to justify Ellis’s claim. Ellis’s central concern in writing the book has been historical rather than aesthetic. Elli efficiently clings to his argument and there are very few areas where he tends to digress from the main concern. His persuasive argument justifies his claims, explaining, why the American society didn’t flourish. At times, in his examples, Ellis tends to exaggerate the problems faced by the personalities to adjust to the modern institutions. Being from a socialist country, Ellis’s After the revolution helps me to understand the drawbacks of the capitalistic society and why arts and high culture never flourished. Research Papers on Joseph J. Ellis. After the revolution - History Essay (200 Level Course)Assess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementWhere Wild and West Meet

Characteristics of Giant Silkworm Moths and Royal Moths

Characteristics of Giant Silkworm Moths and Royal Moths Even people with no particular love of insects find the giant moths (and caterpillars) of the family Saturniidae fascinating. The name is thought to refer to the large eyespots found on the wings of some species. The eyespots contain concentric rings, reminiscent of the planet Saturns rings. These showy moths are easy to rear in captivity if you can find enough foliage to keep their very hungry caterpillars fed. Physical Characteristics Among the Saturniids, we find the largest moth species in North America: the luna moth, the cecropia moth, the polyphemus moth, the imperial moth, the io moth, the Promethea moth, and the royal walnut moth. The cecropia moth is a giant among giants, with the longest wingspan- a remarkable 5-7 inches- of all. Some Saturniids may seem dwarf-like compared to their gigantic cousins, but even the smallest of the wild silkworm moths measures a respectable 2.5 cm in wide. Giant silkworm moths and royal moths are often brightly colored, which may mislead first-time observers to refer to them as butterflies. Like most moths, however, Saturniids hold their wings flat against their bodies when at rest, and usually have stout, hairy bodies. They also bear feathery antennae (often bi-pectinate in form, but sometimes quadri-pectinate), which are quite conspicuous in males. Saturniid caterpillars are hefty, and often covered with spines or protuberances. These tubercles give the caterpillar a threatening look, but in most cases, theyre quite harmless. Do beware of the io moth caterpillar, though. Its branched spines pack a painful dose of venom and will inflict a long-lasting sting. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: InsectaOrder: LepidopteraFamily: Saturniidae Diet Adult silkworm and royal moths dont feed at all, and most have only vestigial mouthparts. Their larvae, however, are a different story. The largest caterpillars in this group can exceed 5 inches in length in their final instar, so you can imagine how much they eat. Many feed on common trees and shrubs, including hickories, walnuts, sweetgum, and sumac; some can cause significant defoliation. Life Cycle All giant silkworm moths and royal moths undergo complete metamorphosis with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. In the Saturniids, an adult female may lay several hundred eggs during her brief lifetime, but perhaps only 1% will survive to their own adulthood. This family overwinters in the pupal stage, often in silken cocoons joined to twigs or nestled in a protective envelope of leaves. Special Adaptations and Behaviors Female Saturniid moths invite males to mate by releasing a sex pheromone from a special gland at the end of their abdomens. The male moths are renowned for their determination and unwavering focus on the task of locating the receptive female. They have a keen sense of smell, thanks to their feathery antennae brimming with sensilla. Once a male giant silkworm moth catches a whiff of a females scent, he will not be deterred by foul weather, nor does he let physical obstacles impede his progress. A Promethea moth male holds the long-distance record for following a females pheromones. He flew an incredible 23 miles to find his mate! Home Range References vary greatly in their accounting of how many Saturniid species live worldwide, but most authors seem to accept a number in the range of 1200-1500 species. About 70 species inhabit North America. Sources Family Saturniidae - Giant Silkworm and Royal Moths, Bugguide.net. Accessed January 10, 2013.Saturniidae, Butterflies and Moths of North America. Accessed January 10, 2013.Saturniid Moths, University of Kentucky Entomology. Accessed January 10, 2013.The Wild Silk Moths of North America: A Natural History of the Saturniidae of the United States and Canada, by Paul M. Tuskes, James P. Tuttle, and Michael M. Collins.